Truth, the media and the public sphere

Summary:

The pressure on the European Union's information ecosystem, including on public trust in free media, is increasing. There is growing concern over the potential impact of a 'post-truth' era and the proliferation of 'fake news' on the EU's democratic values. In the EU's Eastern Neighbourhood, Russia's hybrid warfare against Ukraine includes an 'information war' which has forced not only the EU, but also NATO to respond. At the same time, the EU and its allies are facing destabilising campaigns from ISIL/Da'esh.

How do key actors address disinformation? How has their strategic communication evolved? And what can we learn from past and present approaches?

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